1鎴(🚆)戜滑
杩欐槸鏄粠鐢靛奖(🐼)銆婇冨嚭缁(🎾)濆(👅)懡闀囥嬪紩璧峰法澶弽(shè )鍝嶇殑瀵兼紨(fū )涔斾腹路(lù )鐨皵鐨勭浜岄(yuè )儴浣(🚜)(huà(🏁)n )滃搧銆(🛐)p2灏稿(🌻)彉
1989骞存(cún )棣栨鍥藉(🐵)唴涓婃(cóng )槧鍚(yáng )庯(bū )紝(🌃)鏄鎭(zhēn )愭(👾)栫(😣)數褰(💢)辫糠鐨(🦀)勬杩庯紝鑷繁鍒(🌀)朵綔浜閮p2013骞(🎮)寸炕鎷嶆寮忎笂鏄犲悗(💔)锛(💽)(bēn )屾穻婕撳敖鑷村湴(bàn )灞曠(kuàng )幇浜(👋)嗕(🤵)笌鍓嶄(zhǎn )綔杩(mà(❇) )劧(👋)涓嶅(áo )悓鐨勬亹鎬栨劅(🤱)銆p
鐢靛奖鐨勬(📌)晠浜嬫儏鑺傚苟涓(juān )嶇揣(📯)寮狅紝浣(huàn )嗕細鍙(🎐)(hù )堝嚭鐜板緢澶氭畫閰风殑鍦洪潰锛屾(shēn )墍(jì )浠垜鎴戝缓(🖋)璁(📡)綘(féng )蹇冭剰杈(🏨)冨急鐨勪汉瑕佹敞鎰(🎩)忓啀鐪嬨p
3鍝常濂充汉鐨勮瘏鍜h1涓庡彲浠仛鍒扮殑鎭愭栫墖(tǎ )鐩(😡)告瘮婕斿憳浠穻婕撳敖鑷村湴灞(🏒)曠幇浜(bāng )嗕笉涓嶆(cáo )嫎鐨勬(🚦)晠浜嬫瀯鎴愬拰楂樿秴鐨勬妧(wàn )鑹(🏽)虹(hóng )殑婕(jié )旀妧銆p
姣旇緝(jī(👎) )鍠滄瀹夐(xuàn )瓊椋庢牸鐨勭數褰(😂)变汉(🐂)(hàn )鑲畾浼氶櫡(⌛)鍏(wé(🕸)i )湴鐙(dè(⌛)ng )辫浣滃搧鐨勯(👃)瓍鍔涗腑銆(🍽)p
4娣卞叆缁濆湴
杩欓儴浣(👞)滃搧(🏋)浠富瑙掑拰鏈(liàn )嬪(pín )弸浠嫭鑷(🚤)梾琛(🎥)屾椂(lù )鍦礊绌翠腑杩疯(fē(🍘)ng )矾鐨(🈸)勫満(📞)闈(🎚)氨寮濮嬨p浠礊(💷)绌翠负鑳(🔲)屾櫙锛屽皢(📋)鎭愭栨皼鍥存(🌽)洿澶寲锛(📮)屽(🐂)垵娆(〰)粡鍘(zhá )嗗皝闂亹鎯棁(tuō )鐨(🥫)勪汉涓嶉傚悎瑙(nǎo )傜湅銆p
5闃撮(cuō )闃甸樀
闃撮闃甸樀(🏽)鍘熻(👉)憲鏄977骞(qiān )存(🤶)墠涓(juān )婃槧鐨(🌏)勪綔鍝佺劍韬佷笉瀹夈p2018骞寸敱(🗑)鍗崱(🔳)路鏍艰(⏹)揪鎴堝凹(⬇)璇哄婕旇缈绘媿鎵嶄笂鏄狅紝(rèn )寰(😒)楀埌浜嗘(🤣)亹鎬栫(😅)埍(juǎn )濂借呯殑娆(🍍)吘鍙嶅簲(✨)銆(⤵)p
鐢靛奖鏁呬簨鏄紝鏇(🕛)垮垰鍒(🤮)氳繘鍏垶韫堝闄紝浠(🐠)庣(🛸)編鍥藉洖鍒版煆鏋楃殑鑻忚鍦偅閲屾墍閬(láng )囧埌(làng )鐨勪护浜烘瘺(lòu )楠倸鐒跺(duò )拰寮烘倣鐨勭粡(tóng )楠(nán )屼(💉)负鍩虹(🌸)灞曞紑銆p
浠壊鎰熷拰(📔)璁(cōng )捐銆(mò )佺収鏄庣(tiāo )瓑浜(🦍)氶閫婄殑瑙(nǎo )嗚鏁堟灉钀(yǐ )犲嚭(pǐ )鏋佸叾鎭愭栫殑姘涘洿銆p
6瀹夊璐(🖲)濆皵3锛堥(🌏)濞冨洖瀹(🕌)讹級
鍐典(diǎn )笖鏄(🤚)病(🐄)鏈夌(lí(🥄)ng )湅杩囪(cōng )繖閮綔鍝侊(👞)紝涔熶細鏈夊緢澶氫汉(hà(🚹)n )鍚杩(🔔)囧畨濞滆礉(➰)(hé )灏(🎑)旈偅(zhòng )涓(🍲)悕(👜)瀛椼p浠伓(pī )鐏典(🗼)(diǎn )笅韬殑鐜(👃)伓瀹(yuè )夊璐濆皵涓虹礌鏉(🛶)愬埗鍋(🥑)氱殑杩欓儴(🐀)褰辩(biàn )墖(🍎)锛屽湪鍥藉唴涔熸嫢鏈夋暟鍗(tí )冪矇涓(juān )濈兢銆p
7瀛効鎬h1瀛効(🤮)鎬繖閮綔鍝佽浜(🤦)嗕簡娴佷骇(🚭)绗(háng )笁鑳庣(🔁)殑澶(⏺)鎵(jiā )句(🥓)汉棰嗗吇9宀(🕳)佸皯(😭)濂冲悗绐(🕖)佺劧鍙戠敓(duó(🥪) )鐨勪(jué )簨(zhuàn )浠躲p
涓(juān )讳(💊)汉鍏紛鑾庤礉(🦕)鎷壜峰紬灏旀浖(liè )浠粏(🧡)鑵(guà(🎓)n )绘煍婊戠殑婕旀(🏜)妧鍜屽弽杞殑鏁(suǒ(⭐) )呬簨鍏呭垎灞曠幇(🥫)浜嗘绁(xiè )炴亹鎬栥p
杩欐槸灞曢湶鍑洪(hóng )兘鏄亣(🍩)鐨勬(juān )紨鎶鐨勪紛(fēn )鑾庤(zhì )礉鎷壜峰紬灏旀浖(🥋)鐨勫(🚍)舰鎬(🛄)佽疆寤撲綔鍝侊紝瑕(🎖)佹槸寰堝(🌭)枩娆亹鎬栨儕鎮氱(yǎng )墖鐨勮瘽鑾悕鎺崘缁(zī )欏瀹躲p
8楝兼潵(🏇)鐢h12000骞翠唬鍒濇(🐈)湡鎴戜滑鏃父鐢熸椿蹇(jiǎn )呴(🌉)闅忚(😒)韩鎼哄甫鐨(🥤)勬墜鏈轰笅(🍱)涓鐣(📶)屾(♿)亹鎬栫(💪)數褰辩殑绱犳潗褰诲簳缁堢粨浜嗕紬涓嶅(📎)悓(🏈)鐨勬亹鎬栫數褰辩殑寮濮嬨p
杩欓(🥧)儴浣滃搧(🆖)寰堜笉閿(🐹)欏(🌷)湴(🥜)鍏蜂(🔍)綋鎻忚堪浜(🚥)嗗湪棰(📈)(chuí(🆖) )勫憡姝讳骸鐨勬儏鍐典(🥐)笅鍐嶆鍑虹幇鐨勪汉绫诲績鐞(🌖)嗗拰鎭愭儳銆p
涓庢鐩歌薄鐨勭數(👹)褰辨湁闊浗濂虫槦娌虫(💡)櫤(🌸)濯涘(sì )彜(🤰)(yí )瑁(🌸)呯數褰辩殑楝(🦗)奸搩銆p
9閫冨嚭缁(zī )濆懡闀h1閫冨嚭缁(💧)濆(🧟)懡(mǒ )闀(hò(👬)ng )囨槸涓閮尯濂界殑鍦拌鐜(🍴)板嚭浜嗙(💗)绉樼殑鎰(yì )熻(xī(😳) )涓婂(mián )拰鍙(hù )曞湴鐨(fè(🐛)i )勪(jué )綔鍝併(🎞)p
閫冨(📆)嚭缁濆懡(🎗)闀囧湪(tuàn )娴(xián )峰棰(😯)濆浜嗗緢楂(🦁)樼殑浜烘皵銆p
寰(➿)(huán )堝鎭(🙊)愭(qí )栫(jiàn )數褰卞彲鏄湁(👺)鐫浜轰滑鐨勬浜紝(💖)鏉(🍸)(shòu )浜烘晠浜(bāng )嬶(bí )紝浣嗙數褰便婇冨嚭缁濆懡闀囥嬪嵈灞曠幇(bāng )浜(📏)嗗畬鍏(😭)湁鎵(jiā )涓嶅悓(🐒)鐨勬亹鎬(🔈)栵(🀄)紝褰辩墖浠1涓栫邯浜哄(🗳)彛(🌔)璐崠鍜岄(yuè(😢) )粦浜哄闅跺寲(yí(✈) )鐨勫(🎂)彲鎬曠礌鏉愶(xié )紝(🐣)鏄病鏈夐渿澶姩(nián )鍦扮殑(📊)澹伴煶鍜屾(❗)畫閰(🍃)疯鑵殑(qíng )鏉浜哄満闈(🥘)紝浣嗘瀬鍏剁簿褰睍绀(gàn )哄(💰)嚭浜嗘亹鎬栥p
10瑙侀
鐢靛(🗡)奖瑙侀浜(bāng )嗘槸2002骞(🤡)村浗鍐呬笂(🎐)鏄犵殑浣(🏊)滃搧(shān )锛(bēn )屾槸(🥌)浠湡瀹炴晠(🌏)(shèng )浜嬩负鍩(tiǎ(➰)n )虹(🤹)(hóng )鎬(🏹)庝箞鍒(róu )朵綔鐨勬亹鎬(gǎ(🌭)o )栫數褰便p浠(🔛)庤繖閮數褰(qiān )辩殑鍘熷(🎗)瀷(➰)(yì(🔇) )鏉湅锛(🛂)989骞9宀佺殑(🔞)鐜(🤘)插湪(💲)姣嶄翰鐨(fè(🧢)i )勫姖(⛪)闃讳笅锛屽湪娉(😋)板浗(qiú )鐨勪竴瀹(🔙)剁溂绉戣(🥄)繘琛屼簡(📷)瑙(👵)掕啘(yè )绉(⛴)绘鎵嬫湳銆傘p
瑙掕啘(yè )鐨勪富浜烘(hō(👼)ng )槸涓涓湁鍚嶇(👮)殑宸笀锛屽湪娉(👗)板浗鏄(tuá(🍤)n )伒楠(👣)屽粬寤栨棤鍑犵殑(qíng )鍚嶅帆甯堬(📦)紝浣嗗(🗝)洜涓嶆槑(mé(🗳)i )鍘熷洜(📋)鑷潃(xǐn )銆(🥐)(mò )p
浣(😱)嗕(rù )护浜洪渿(nài )鎯婏紝浜(bāng )茬(😇)溂鐩澒(🗼)宸笀鑷(🛄)潃姝(🚟)荤殑(🚑)澶鏁颁(bā(📦)n )汉閮戒細鍥犲(chái )績鑴忓法鐥涜(dú(😃) )屾蹇欍p
浣嗚(🕜)繖浜涗(🏰)釜(⏳)浜嬪(💎)疄瀵圭(😵)幉鑸硅埗姒傝姣嶄翰淇(🚂)濆(🐧)瘑锛岀伒(❓)(yín )鍦笉(🏗)浜嬪厛鐭(🥘)檽(🍩)鐨勬儏(càn )鍐典笅(jiǎo )鎺彈浜嗗帆甯堢(🌞)殑(🖖)鐪肩潧绉绘鍒般傘p
涓嶄箙鍚庯紝鐜插(chā(🦍) )拰濡堝涓璧峰埌(làng )瀹堕棬鍙殑鍏洯鏅(🐻)氶鍚庢暎(🐌)姝紝鍦(🈵)鍗冧(🈂)笂鐪嬪埌婊韩鏄(tuán )鐨勯珮璺(📝)熼(🏄)瀷銆p
鍑犲鍚庯紝閭釜鍏洯閲屽彂鐢熶簡涓鍚嶅瀛愯(🍇)鏉鐨勬潃浜(⛏)轰簨(💫)浠躲(😂)(duǒ(🆙) )p
鑷浠悗(mán )锛(🖼)岀(chū )幉(dié )鏄庣櫧鑷繁鐪间腑(🅱)鐨勫(㊙)够褰遍(📶)鎰忕潃閭竴(⬆)(cū(✊)n )涓汉(✔)鐨(🔸)勬(💋)(juān )浜岄(📂)櫡(zhù )鍏(wéi )柉鐙備簡鎭愭儳娲炲簻涔嬩腑銆p
鐜(🍏)茶鍒(róu )颁竴(✋)涓粡鑷(🔬)繁(🔎)鐨(⛏)勫瀛(⏯)愭汉姘磋屼骸鍦板够褰憋紝灏(hào )卞幓(🐄)甯(níng )府浜嗗(👢)浜嬪(pín )疄锛(🍉)屼(🔟)絾(📹)閭瀛愬嵈涓(🛶)嶆(🤑)垜鐩(🌕)镐俊锛屽彲鏄笉澶氫箙閭(💇)瀛愭灉鐒(〰)跺湪娴寸几婧(🔅)轰骸銆p
閭(lǘ )箣鍚庯紝鐜茬湅(làn )瑙佸够(⛰)褰变篃(mèi )娌湁鍚(yáng )戜(🤯)换浣曚汉璇达紝(❣)涓嶈繃(🦕)鑷繁闈欏(luó )欏(luó )湪瀹(🧤)堕噷锛(🧗)屼(🌳)笉涔(🍄)呭悗鏉戦噷(hēn )涔熻(xī )涓惧姙(🥇)鐩涘搴嗗吀锛(bē(🌵)n )岀幉(🚴)鍙堢(🈁)湅(💈)瑙佷(hěn )簡鍦偅涓簡鍏(wéi )镐笂(🚒)寰堝鏉(shòu )戞(jiá )皯(gǎn )鍥犲鐏(🌺)屾銆(🏿)p
纭疄(lín )鍚戞(jiá )潙姘戜滑閫熷(zē(📚)ng )洖(💅)浜嗚繖涓浜嬪疄锛屼絾涓诲(huì(🐶) )姙(rén )鏂(ōu )圭(guī(🌥) )潃(🤪)鎬細鐮村潖(🚧)鏉戝簞搴嗗(💳)吀鑰岃浜烘棤瑙嗭紝涓嶄(📽)絾濞(bì )佽儊鐜茶濡傛灉涓嶆槸鍒(🚨)板浼犳挱娴佽铚氳灏(😔)变笉(qǐn )浼氶杩囩幉鍜屽鐨勫浜p
缁堜簬(lù )鎴愬姛搴(💶)嗗(🎷)吀涓捐搴(qiān )嗗(wā )吀(miē )锛屼竴涓潚(xiāo )骞(qiān )寸殑澶辫浼(⚾)氶犳垚鐓皵鐖嗙(bēng )偢锛屼(👬)細閫犳垚(yáo )涓鍗婂(🌄)乏鍙冲惂鐨(🏋)勬潙姘戞蹇欐垨琚(😜)儳浼p
灞呮皯浠鏋滆杩欐(🎩)槸鐜茬殑璇呭(🥅)(yì(🤙) )拻锛屾(🖥)兂璧跺洖(💑)鐜(🍀)茬(🤬)殑瀹舵妸鐜叉媺涓嶅嚭鏉紝杩樿鍞(🅰)(kēng )湁鐜叉浜嗘(🗾)(jī )墠鑳借閿(wén )佽瘏(🏖)鍜
鍙笉杩囧洖瀹(🔉)舵潵涓鐪嬶紝鍦簡鍏稿張寮濮嬪墠鐨勶紝鐜插(chā(💂) )氨宸茬粡(🍁)鑷潃(xǐ(🕔)n )浜嗐p
鍥(🐙)犱负鐜插烦缁(🎊)忔槑鐧介偅浜涗釜(fǔ )浜轰滑(🗒)鑲畾涓嶄細鏀捐繃鑷繁锛屽洜姝皢鑷繁鐨(fè(🗳)i )勫案浣撴崘璧犵粰鏉戞皯锛屽甫璧板(🏬)啓婊仺鐨勯仐涔紝鐜(🧓)茬(chá )殑姣嶄翰褰撴椂涔(🙆)熻(xī(🛋) )窡浜嗙幉鑷饥韬(🚌)骸(💱)鈥p
鐒跺悗璁彲(chī(✡) )鐜茬殑瑙掕啘绉绘鐨勪汉涔(🕚)(cén )熶細鍍忕幉涓(juān )鏍风湅鍒板够(gòu )褰憋(🚊)紝(🤪)缁堜(👥)簬鏈嶆瘨鑷潃(🌞)銆(🕺)p
10骞村悗鐢靛(💒)奖(🌷)瀵兼紨褰(🐫)彂銆佸江椤哄惉鐫杩欎簺(sài )鏁呬簨鍚(yáng )庡(🔊)埗鍋氱殑鐢靛奖閭氨鏄嘲鍥界増(zēng )鐨勬椿(🤺)瑙(🛌)侀銆p
姣掑拻銆佺寷楝(🕯)煎(😄)拻銆佸吇楝(🕴)笺佽(🤣)楝(🎲)笺侀噾铓(🕉)曢檷銆佽壊闄嶃(🆓)佹垜鐖辩嫄鐙哥簿銆侀瓟銆佽泭銆(🍁)(mò )佽鍜掋佸案濡栥佺(quán )楝笺7骞(🖲)撮檷澶(chán )淬5骞(⭕)撮檷澶淬佸崐鏆归檷銆侀偑绯诲垪銆佸濂抽檷銆佹补(🚋)楝煎瓙銆侀槾(mán )闃抽鑳庛佽鑳庢崲楠佺寷楝(🌡)艰揩浜恒(🐚)佽壋缁涘嬀榄傘佽繍璐(lù )櫤(♌)澶氭槦(🅿)佸嬀榄傞檷澶淬侀澶撮瓟(bó(⛩) )濂炽佸崈骞撮瓟鐣(🕶)屻佸(🍇)師鎸緺(guā )涓庡崼鏂悊(zhé )銆(🕝)佸崡娲嬪崄澶偑(fēng )鏈佸崡娲(🐦)嬬涓閭檷銆(🕺)佺榄傞(🐵)鍏富銆侀(xíng )硠闄嶃佽寘灞(bà )辨枟闄嶅(❄)銆佷汉铦庡鎴樸佹(guī )瘨(diān )铔娿佸帀楝煎皢鏄犮p